capital punishment :: essays research papers

It is unreasonable to think that to take the life of a man who has taken that of another is to show lack of regard for human life. We show, on the contrary, an emphatic regard for it, by the adoption of a rule that he who violates that right in another forfeits it for himself. My agreement with these, the words of philosopher John Stuart Mill, compels me to affirm today’s resolution, that capital punishment is justified. My value premise for the round will be justice, giving each individual his or her due. My value criterion is societal benefit without infringing on individual rights. -I feel it is necessary to observe, before I begin, that while I feel the death penalty is just, it is only just as punishment for certain crimes. However, If I can prove the justice of the death penalty as a punishment for one specific crime, It would affirm the resolution. In this round, I will attempt to prove that the death penalty is a just punishment for first degree, premeditated murder. (Serial murderers) -Contention #1: by murdering another, criminal’s forfeits their right to life. The system of punishment is based on taking away the liberties of convicted criminals. In committing a crime, an individual gives up certain rights, and it is because of this forfeiture of rights that we can impose punishment upon them. The amount of rights forfeited is in some manner proportional to the severity of the crime for which the individual was convicted. If someone commits a minor crime, such as littering, they lose a small amount of right. Therefore it is justified to take from them a small amount of their liberty, possibly economic liberty through a fine. As the severity of the crime increases, the amount of right forfeited increases likewise. In other words, if I kill a woman, I am being unjust because I am doing to her what I would not have her do to me. I am expressing that we are not equals, and that I am her superior. By demonstrating that I have lost my right to life, the government reaffirms that the two of us are in fact equal. By demonstrating that we are equal, the state upholds justice. Immanuel Kant explains the position, arguing: â€Å"If he has committed murder, he must die. Here there is no substitute that will satisfy justice. There is no similarity between life, however wretched it may be, and death, hence no likeness between the crime and the retribution unless death is judicially carried out upon the wrongdoer†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Metaphysics of Moral)

Stroke Epidemiology In Southwestern Iran Health And Social Care Essay

Introduction:Harmonizing to the World Health Organization definition, shot is the rapid patterned advance of marks and symptoms caused by bound or widespread break of encephalon map which has vascular beginning and takes more than 24 hours ( 1, 2 ) . Stroke can be by and large divided into two classs: Ischemic and hemorrhagic ( 1 ) . The disease is the 2nd prima cause of decease in the universe and considered as the 3rd in the United States and other industrialised states ( 3-8 ) . 55 million deceases occur each twelvemonth in the universe where 10 % of them are due to stroke ( 9 ) . In the United States about 780,000 shots occur each twelvemonth ( one every 40 seconds ) while 87 % is ischaemic and 13 % is haemorrhagic type. Annual mortality of the disease in this state is 150,000 people ( one out of every 4-3 proceedingss ) so it is estimated that one out of every 16 Americans die due to stroke ( 9 ) . In aˆâ€ ¹aˆâ€ ¹the Middle East and North Africa deceases happening within 28 yearss of the morbid varies from 10 % in Kuwait to 31/5 % in Iran ( 4 ) . This disease, which two-thirds of all instances of it occurs in developing states, although preventable but is increasing ( 12, 13 ) . Prognosiss suggest that by 2030 deceases from shot will duplicate in the Middle East and North Africa ( 4 ) . Increasing age is such major hazard factor for the disease that after age 55, the hazard of shot doubles every 10 old ages ( 7 ) . High blood force per unit area as the most common preventable causes of the disease is an other hazard factor ( 11 ) . Other hazard factors include: diabetes, smoke, fleshiness, deficiency of exercising, eating a diet high in cholesterin and salt, intoxicant, atrial fibrillation, and household history of OCP usage ( 7, 11, 14, 15 ) . In add-on gender is deciding factor in this disease ; In general shot is more likely to happen in work forces However, du e to the longer life anticipation of adult females on one manus and the high incidence of shot in older ages in the other manus, the figure of instances in adult females is more than in work forces ( 16 ) . Another note is that shot as the most of import factor for physical disablement in the universe, is one of the chief factors need long-run infirmary attention which led to a important addition in the cost of intervention ( 7, 8 ) . In general, the direct and indirect costs ( including old ages of lost benefits ) related to the disease in the United States is about 5.65 billion yearly ( 17 ) . Consequences from few surveies in Iran shows incidence of shot about 43 instances per 100,000 people that 67 % is ischaemic and 23 % is haemorrhagic type ( 18, 19 ) . The most common hazard factor which has been achieved is high blood force per unit area with prevalence about 54 % ( 18, 19 ) . Incidence of shot was somewhat higher in adult females in all age classs ( 51-53 % ) However, in the age group 45-15 old ages occurs more in work forces ; while the mean age of incidence is in the 7th decennary of life. Death within 28 yearss of shot in a survey was 19.2 % , and in another 1 was 31.5 % ( 18 ) . Another survey refers to the unknown state of affairs of this disease in the Middle East and mismatch with informations in Western states ( 1 ) that one time once more makes clear the demand for more surveies in this respect. The lone survey conducted in Shiraz investigates early encephalon bleeding due to high blood force per unit area in patients referred to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences infirmaries during 2002-2004 ( 20 ) . Sing the preventable nature of the disease, it is necessary to make more surveies to find hazard factors and implicit in causes in a peculiar population in order to Sketch and be after for the bar of it ( 18 ) . Sing that no epidemiological survey have been conducted to clear up assorted facets of shot in Shiraz since earlier, this survey was conducted in Shiraz Namazee learning Hospital as a referral centre for shot patients in Fars state and southwesterly Iran to obtain general information about the position of the disease in this part.Material and Method:We conducted this hospital-based survey between August 2010 and January 2011 in Shiraz Namazee learning infirmary. This infirmary is one of the chief referral centres for neurological diseases in southwesterly Iran and affiliated with the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. As this survey was a cross-sectional one, all patients admitted in exigency and neurology ward with diagnosing of shot based on their clinical manifestations and imaging ( MRI or CT scan ) during this period were included. Patients with transeunt ischaemic onslaught and those who released by themselves during hospital coarse were excluded. Three medica l pupils with supervising and part of one neurology occupant completed the informations assemblage sheet by reading patient paperss during and after study period. It contains the most of import informations about these patients including age, sex, type of shot, drug history, hazard factors, degree of consciousness, neurologic marks, continuance of hospitalization, result and prescribed medicines after discharge. We analyzed our informations with SPSS version 16 and considered P-Value less than 0.05 important.Consequences:305 CVA patients were investigated that 269 ( 88.2 % ) had ischaemic and 36 ( 11.8 % ) had hemorrhagic shot. 64 ( 21 % ) had recurrent stroke while others experienced their first of all time shot. 133 ( 43.6 % ) adult male and 172 ( 56.4 % ) adult female between 27- 97 old ages old ( mean:68.33 ±12.99 ) were classified to six age groups that most of them were between 61-80 old ages old, although informations analysis did n't uncover important difference between mortality rates ( Table 1 ) . Average age of ischaemic shot was 68.6 ±13.1 and hemorrhagic was 66.2 ±12.1. 15.1 % of all patients expired during their hospital coarse while 11.4 % of ischaemic and 40.6 % of haemorrhagic shots lead to decease ( OR:5.34, 95 % C.I. :2.35-12.11 ) . Most common hazard factors among all patients were high blood pressure and ischaemic bosom disease ( figure 1 ) . Hyperlipidemia, ischaemic bosom disease and diabetes had important different prevalence between age groups in a manner that their most prevalence were between 41-50, above 60 and between 41-60 old ages old, severally ( figure 2 ) . In another categorization we categorized the patients into two groups: under and above 45 old ages old. 5 % were under 45 and 95 % were above 45 old ages old. CVA type and mortality rate was non significantly different between these two groups. Most common neurologic marks of patients were right side failing, left side failing and dysarthria ( figure 3 ) . In facet of degree of consciousness, 6.3 % were comatose, 7.2 % Stuporous, 22 % confused and 64.5 % were witting that 78.6 % , 31.3 % , 16.3 % and 5.6 % of them expired during their hospital coarse severally ( figure 4 ) . Mean systolic blood force per unit area in dismissed patients was 148.2mmHg and in expired patients was 144.7mmHg. Besides mean diastolic blood force per unit area in dismissed and expired patients was 84.5mmHg and 86.6mmHg severally. Mean systolic blood force per unit area in ischaemic shots was 145mmHg and in haemorrhagic shots was 160mmHg ( P=0.006 ) . Besides mean diastolic blood force per unit area in ischaemic shots and haemorrhagic 1s was 83mmHg and 90mmHg severally ( P=0.013 ) . Most common drugs used among patients was antihypertensive drugs ( 43.3 % ) and acetylsalicylic acid ( 26.9 % ) . Statins ( 32.7 % ) and acetylsalicylic acid ( 31.6 % ) were most common drugs prescribed for ischaemic patients who were discharged. Median yearss of hospitalization for both types of shot and both discharged and expired patients was 2.

Women and Love In Chaucer - 1988 Words

Women and Love In Chaucer Chaucers opinion of women and his views on love are very prominently featured in his poetry. Focusing on women, one must first examine the popular views concerning women during Chaucers time. Arlyn Diamond writes of Chaucer that, . . . he accepts uneasily the medieval view of women as either better or worse than men, but never quite the same. (Green 3) This is evident in Chaucers portrayal of women in such poems as The Wife of Bath and The Clerks Tale which assault the reader with antithetical views of women. The Wife of Bath is one of the most memorable characters Chaucer ever created. She is considered, in view of Diamonds statement, to be better than the men in her life. Patient Griselda†¦show more content†¦He gives the choice back to her affirming that he now understands women. The reader can devise two key points from the tale. Primarily, Chaucer portrays a kind of pity for women in his writing. The rape at the start, a common occurrence at the time, is dealt with swif tly and with compassion for the victim; a rare occurrence at the time. Secondly he expresses his desire for equality between the sexes. He does this by showing the consequences that transpire when one sex has control over the other. The Wife of Baths Tale is an example of female dominance. Chaucers ideal of equality is more clearly seen after analyzing The Clerks Tale. This tale is completely antithetical to that of the Wife of Bath. Where her tale focuses on the dominance of women over men this one is dedicated to exposing the subservience of the medieval woman. The clerk tells a tale of a peasant woman, Griselda, who marries a nobleman, Walter. He devises cruel ordeals to put her through in order to test her loyalty. She is led to believe that her children are taken away and murdered. Walter rejects her, and apparently substitutes her with a younger, more beautiful woman. This is a cause of suffering for both women. Griselda is forced to stand aside while her children are torn away from her to be killed, and she is pushed away by her husband who replaces her quickly. Her replacement, actually her twelve-year-old daughter, is also caused suffering due to her situation. She has beenShow MoreRelatedCourtly Love in The Knights Tale and The Wife of Baths Tale1353 Words   |  6 Pagescourtly love, which began in the Medieval Period and still exi sts today. While these ideals were prevalent in medieval society, they still existed with much controversy. Geoffrey Chaucer, a poet of the period, comments on courtly love in his work The Canterbury Tales. Through the use of satiric elements and skilled mockery, Chaucer creates a work that not only brought courtly love to the forefront of medieval society but also introduced feministic ideals to the medieval society. At times, Chaucer evenRead MoreThe Wife Of Bath s Tale By Geoffrey Chaucer And Le Morte D Arthur1133 Words   |  5 Pagesmaking men superior to women. Women were expected to please their husband and take care of the home. They were treated very unfairly compared to men. The stories, â€Å"The Wife of Bath’s Tale† by Geoffrey Chaucer and â€Å"Le Morte d’ Arthur† by Sir Thomas Malory reveal the values of society by adding satire and characterization. Chaucer incorporates satire in â€Å"The Wife of Bath’s Tale† to highlight the values of gender roles in society. Throughout the story, Chaucer demonstrates courtly love, sovereignty, andRead MoreSex in The Canterbury Tales Essay937 Words   |  4 Pages Geoffrey Chaucer uses sex as a manipulative instrument in The Canterbury Tales. Portraying sex as a power that women exert over men rather than the marital bond of â€Å"making love† makes evident Chaucer’s skewed views of love and marriage with underlying tones of misogyny. He expresses these views throughout the work, however, the theme of love and sex is most evident in the sub-stories of The Wife of Bath and The Miller’s Tale. Chaucer breaks the topic of sex into two basic parts: carnality and romanticismRead MoreEssay Immorality in Chaucers Canterbury Tales1646 Words   |  7 Pagesdisplay immorality in the Middle Ages. There are several characters whose stories are focused on presenting the immorality within their tales. Like that of â€Å"The Miller’s Tale,† and â€Å"The Merchant’s Tale.† Chaucer utilizes these tales to display one specific immoral act, which is sexual sin or lust. 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In The Canterbury Tales, Geoffrey Chaucer incorporates marriage multiple times into the tales, some positive and others negative. When Chaucer wrote The Canterbury Tales in the late fourteenth century, marriage was seen was an exchange of property between families. Due to this, men held all the power and women lost their sense of freedom since they were seen as nothing more than objects that could be given away. In thoseRead More Chaucers Canterbury Tales - Marriage as Portrayed in Merchants Prologue and Tale1193 Words   |  5 Pagesto come through, but also includes the opinions of contemporary writers. Chaucer allows his views to be made known as the narrator and his views could also be said to infiltrate the speeches of the Merchant. Justinus and Placebos views are also accounted for as the fictional characters also air their opinions on the institution of marriage. In this way, Chaucer has allowed for a fair deal of discussion of marriage. Chaucer places the character of Januarie in Pavia, which has a reputation for brothelsRead MoreWilliam Chaucer s The Cock And The Fox910 Words   |  4 PagesBefore the written language, stories were passed down through generations by oral communication. This often led to variations in similar fables that many authors would then write out. Robert Henryson, the successor to Geoffrey Chaucer, wrote a comparable version of Chaucer’s The Nun’s Priest’s Tale called The Cock and The Fox. Although there are vast comparisons such as elaborate language, bestiary, and similar character development, each tale uses a different main action, has separate social aspectsRead More Chaucers Women From Eve to Mary Essay1272 Words   |  6 PagesChaucers Women From Eve to Mary The Middle Ages was an interesting time to be a woman. For centuries the church generally disapproved of, with equal measure, women and sex. Women were not even thought of as human beings, and were seen as necessary only in what they could do for their men. When the men left for the Crusades women were given a larger role in the upkeep of their husbands’ houses and estates, and assumed a more public role in the community. This gave the women a greater feelingRead MoreThe Canterbury Tales832 Words   |  4 PagesIn The Canterbury Tales, written by Geoffrey Chaucer, the stereotypes and roles in society are reexamined and made new through the characters in the book. Chaucer discusses different stereotypes and separates his characters from the social norm by giving them highly ironic and/or unusual characteristics. Specifically, in the stories of The Wife of Bath and The Miller’s Tale, Chaucer examines stereotypes of women and men and attempts to define their basic want s and needs. In the Miller’s Tale